对于论文写作, 主要的问题是:

1. 如何找资料?

2. 找到资料如何避免抄袭?

Step 1: 实际上大部分的论文都不需要到图书馆找资料. 充分利用好互联网, 我们就可以找到足够多的资料. 比如我们为以下的论文题目找资料:

• “Host governments are always on the look-out to attract FDI and are prepared to put up considerable finance and make significant concessions to attract overseas business. So what benefits do multinational companies (MNCs) bring to the economy” (Sloman & Sutcliffe). Discuss.

以Google.co.uk为例, 我们可以搜索关键词: "MNCs FDI", 或者 "MNCs Benefits", 或者 "attract FDI", 或者 "government FDI" 等等. 为了找到一些更有用的数据, 比如PPT, PDF, WORD文件, 我们可以在这些关键词后加一个PDF, 比如"MNCs FDI PDF", 或者 "MNCs Benefits PDF", 或者 "attract FDI PDF", 或者 "government FDI PDF" 等等. 通过以上的搜索, 你就可以找到足够的信息.

Step 2: 找好了资料, 下一步就是如何利用手上的资料写出没有抄袭的文章.

英国大学普遍使用的反抄袭软件名叫TRUN-IT-IN (www.submit.ac.uk), 导师会把学生的文章上传到这个数据库, 然后文章就会保存在这个数据库里一年或更长的时间. 每有一篇文章上传, 系统都会自动地搜索数据为里的资料, 分析相似度. 同时这个系统也会分析上传文章与互联网上和以发布的学术论文的相似度. 这个系统的数据库和分析功能相当强大, 所以现今已成为各大学调查反抄袭的重要工具.

我们可以把摘抄过来的资料进行改写, 以下是TRUN-IT-IN查找相似度的实例:

原文内容:

For a country, the cultural identity is national culture; likewise, for a company, the cultural identity is organizational culture. Corporate culture is composed by the sight of the value, faith, ceremonial, donation, the manner of doing things etc, and it has a particular visualization. In essence, organizational culture is considered as the soul of an enterprise; it is the internal impetus for the development of a corporation.

简单修改后的版本:

For a country, it can be identified in terms of national culture; likewise, for a company, it can be identified with its organizational culture. Corporate culture is the combination of different aspects: value, faith, ceremonial. donation, and other things, and it possesses a specific visualization. In fact, corporate culture is deemed as the heart of a company; it can motivate the company towards future develpment.

第一次修改相似度在50%左右. 实际上, 很多抄袭都是这种情况.

第二次修改版本:

National culture is an important tool to identify a country; similarily, corporate culture is an important indicator of its identity. Organizational culture is a complex definition including rules, individual values, personality, working patterns, etc. In addition, it can be visualized. Thus, corporate culture functions as the soul of an organization and it can encourage the staff to strive for the missions and goals of the organization.

第二次修改后基本上没有相似性.

经过这一步, 我们就可以通过网上找到的资料写出几乎没有抄袭率的文章了.